calcium alginate then single layer of oil emulsion dressing

The bacterial film has a special importance in the dynamics of chronic inflammation in wounds that do not heal. Chronic inflammation favors exudate persistence. In the case of chronic wounds, a chronic inflammatory status is noted, so it takes a longer time to reach the cell proliferation and remodeling (healing) phases. In healthy individuals, the wound healing process takes place in different stages: inflammation, cell proliferation (fibroblasts and keratinocytes of the dermis), and finally remodeling of the extracellular matrix (equilibrium between metalloproteinases and their inhibitors). In the USA, chronic wounds affect 1% of the total population, in Europe the incidence is 4 million cases per year which implies a rate of about 0.8%, in Australia 0.86%, in China 0.8–1%, and in India 0.6–1%. The latest research reports are presented and supported with in vitro and in vivo studies from the current literature.Ĭhronic wounds represent a major public health issue, with an extremely high cost worldwide.

It has to give protection against bacterial, infectious, mechanical, and thermal agents, to modulate the level of wound moisture, and to entrap and deliver drugs or other molecules This paper explores the roles of alginates in advanced wound-dressing forms with a particular emphasis on hydrogels, nanofibers networks, 3D-scaffolds or sponges entrapping fibroblasts, keratinocytes, or drugs to be released on the wound-bed. An ideal wound dressing should be adherent to the wound surface and not to the wound bed, it should also be non-antigenic, biocompatible, semi-permeable, biodegradable, elastic but resistant, and cost-effective. Recent advances in biopolymer-based materials for wound healing highlight the performance of specific alginate forms. In chronic wounds, the chronic inflammation favors exudate persistence and bacterial film has a special importance in the dynamics of chronic inflammation in wounds that do not heal.

Chronic wounds represent a major public health issue, with an extremely high cost worldwide.

Calcium alginate then single layer of oil emulsion dressing